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第二十五集 假途灭虢(第5页)

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鲍叔牙:楚之大罪,在于僭号为王,与周天子并肩抗礼。贤弟舍此不问,却以包茅不贡细事为辞,却是为何?

管仲笑答:楚国僭号为王,至今已历三世,天下皆知,无奈其何,因其不服王化者也。倘当众责其革去王号,楚肯俯而听我乎?若其不听,势必交兵;兵端一开,其祸数年不解,南北从此骚然,再无宁日矣!弟以包茅不供为辞,使彼易于听命,服罪约成。其既有服罪之名,我亦足以夸耀诸侯,还报天子。不胜于兵连祸结,战无已时乎?

鲍叔牙听罢,嗟叹不已:此番聚会八国之师,仅迫令楚国复供包茅为止,则其后若乱中原,再召诸侯讨之,兴师无名矣。

于是还师临淄。齐桓公以管仲功高,夺大夫伯氏之骈邑三百户,以益其封。

诸侯兵退,楚王遣屈完为使,至洛阳来贡包茅,拜见周王时不序爵位,但称远臣。

周惠王祭告文武之庙,以胙肉赐楚,谓屈完道:卿回去归报楚侯,任你为南伯,镇尔荆楚淮汉,毋侵中原诸国可也。

屈完再拜稽,告辞归国;经过此番纳贡,已尽知周室虚实。

画外音:七国伐楚之役,不但未损楚国实力分毫,反使中原诸侯之虚及相互不和,在此战中暴露无疑,更增楚王图霸中原之志。尤其邻楚郑蔡二国,城池崩毁,屋宇遭焚,百姓家破人亡,流离失所,此后更无力阻止楚军北上。虽然约盟罢兵,但楚国却又使用非军事手段,阻塞河水,淹没宋国四百里良田,以至宋民无以为生,冻死饿死无数。

公元前655年,周惠王二十二年。

齐国上大夫隰朋入洛阳,向周王纳贡贺岁,归国后向齐桓公断言,周室将乱。桓公闻言大惊,便问其故。

隰朋答道:周王长子名郑,先王后姜氏所生,早已正位东宫。不料姜后薨逝,次妃陈妫继立为后,生子名带,周王爱之,便欲废世子而立之。若果如此,周室不乱其何!

桓公闻听此报,心怀忧虑,乃召管仲谋之。

管仲献计:世子危疑,因其党孤,无人相助。主公身为诸侯之伯,可具表周王,奏请世子出会诸侯。世子主盟,接受诸侯拜贺,君臣名分已定,周王虽欲废立,亦难行之矣。

桓公称善,乃遣隰朋如周,上奏诸侯愿见世子,以申尊王之情。

周惠王因惧齐势强大,只得许诺。

夏五月,齐、宋、鲁、陈、卫、郑、许、曹八国诸侯并集止,奉周世子姬郑于主位,齐桓公率诸侯拜舞起居。是夜子郑留居行宫,诸侯轮番进献酒食,极尽臣下之礼。齐桓公欲使周王知道诸侯爱戴世子,故请子郑便居行宫,择定中秋八月以为盟期。

周惠王闻知齐侯极力推戴子郑,心中大为不悦,乃与太宰周公孔计议。

惠王:齐侯聚合七国之众,不能有加于楚;楚人贡献效顺,未见不如齐。今姜小白率诸侯拥留世子,置本王于何地?太宰可密通郑伯,使其弃齐从楚事周,无负朕意。

宰孔:楚之效顺,亦全赖齐侯之力。大王奈何弃久亲之伯舅,而就乍附之蛮夷?

惠王:卿此言差矣!今诸侯止之盟,乃齐之阴谋,欲离间我父子也。若郑伯不离,诸侯不散,则卿能保齐无异谋乎?

宰孔不敢复言,遂密至止,私见郑文公道:齐楚争霸,是以郑国为牺牲也。今大王使我前来告公,可背齐向楚,必令晋国助你,则郑国必如磐石之安。

郑文公应诺,待宰孔走后,连夜逃走回国,不再参加会盟约誓。

辕涛涂怨恨郑申侯于召陵诬陷自己,遂怀旧忿,亦施计陷害郑申侯。因闻郑申侯获赐虎牢,由是前来拜会祝贺,并于席间酒酣耳热之余相劝。

辕涛涂:公既得此封邑,何不筑城以壮其观?美城之,大名也,足传后世,子孙不忘。公若惧诸侯议论,在下愿为公解释。

郑申侯闻而大喜,以为好意,于是便在虎牢筑城,高大美观,极有气势。

辕涛涂见此,复向郑文公进谗:申侯高筑城墙于封邑,必欲叛乱也。贵国庄公与共叔段之事,君其忘之耶?

郑文公闻而大恚,申侯因此获罪于国君。

周惠王闻说郑伯逃盟,心中暗喜,乃密修书一通,使人星夜送与郑伯,其书略云:

姬子郑违背父命,不堪为嗣。王叔若能舍齐从楚,共辅少子姬带,朕愿委国以听。

郑文公喜道:吾先公武庄,世为王卿士,领袖诸侯;厉公又有纳王之劳,未蒙召用。今王命独临于郑,我将复为诸侯之伯矣!

大夫孔叔:齐因我故勒兵于楚,今反齐事楚,是悖德也。况周之主祀,惟嫡与长。幽王之爱伯服,桓王之爱子克,庄王之爱子颓,皆人心不附,身死无成。主公不惟大义是从,而必蹈五大夫之覆辙乎?

郑文公闻言犹豫,遂使人往止探听消息。使者次日即回,进门便报:齐桓公闻主公逃走大怒,欲奉同世子兵来讨郑国!

郑文公听罢,连手中茶盏亦摔落在地,跌得粉碎,急问:几时兵来攻?

身子离座而起,似要随时逃走一般。

使者奏道:主公休慌,大军还不曾来。臣闻齐侯说要兵,多亏被相父管仲止住,说郑周接壤,此必周室有人诱之而去。一人去留,不足以阻大计,盟期已及,俟成盟而后图之。齐侯采纳仲父之计,因此未诸侯之兵。

文公听罢,一跤坐回席间,嘿嘿半晌;忽转身对孔叔深施一礼,竟使孔叔吓了一跳。

郑文公:非卿直言利害,寡人冒然遣使至楚,则必坏大事矣。

于是静候齐侯会盟消息,以观风色,再不敢妄提背齐从楚之语。

转瞬之间,便至八月中秋。齐桓公与宋、鲁、陈、卫、许、曹即登止旧坛,共七国诸侯歃血为盟。周王世子姬郑临坛不歃,管夷吾面南背北,高声宣读盟词:

凡我同盟,共翼王储,匡靖王室,有背盟者,神明殛之!

七侯闻罢,齐声重复唱诵。不一时会盟礼毕,世子姬郑降阶揖谢,诸侯皆更降一阶,回拜稽。于是世子郑回归洛邑,诸侯列国各具车徒护送,齐桓公同卫侯亲自送出卫境。世子郑再三道谢,垂泪而别。止之盟,将齐桓公霸业推向平生顶峰。(本集完)

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